Description
3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T) is a phase II enzyme inducer and sulfur donor originally found in cruciferous vegetables; it exhibits antioxidative, neuroprotective, and chemopreventive activities. In vitro, D3T increases levels of glutathione and activity of NADH quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), protecting cells against H2O2-induced toxicity. D3T also induces activation of Nrf2, inhibiting ethanol-induced apoptosis in neurons. Additionally, this compound inhibits the formation of DNA adducts by DBP in breast cancer cells.
References
Jia J, Xiao Y, Wang W, et al. Differential mechanisms underlying neuroprotection of hydrogen sulfide donors against oxidative stress. Neurochem Int. 2013 Jun;62(8):1072-8. PMID: 23587562.
Pazdro R, Burgess JR. The antioxidant 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione potentiates advanced glycation end-product-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells. Exp Diabetes Res. 2012;2012:137607. PMID: 22675339.
Dong J, Yan D, Chen SY. Stabilization of Nrf2 protein by D3T provides protection against ethanol-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. PLoS One. 2011 Feb 3;6(2):e16845. PMID: 21304811.
Kwak MK, Egner PA, Dolan PM, et al. Role of phase 2 enzyme induction in chemoprotection by dithiolethiones. Mutat Res. 2001 Sep 1;480-481:305-15. PMID: 11506823.
Pillon NJ, Croze ML, Vella RE, et al. The lipid peroxidation by-product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) induces insulin resistance in skeletal muscle through both carbonyl and oxidative stress. Endocrinology. 2012 May;153(5):2099-2111. PMID: 22396448.
