Description
AzacytidineisacytidineanalogthatisincorporatedintoDNA,inhibitingDNAmethyltransferase(DNMT)activityandpreventingDNArepair.Thisdemethylatingagentisclinicallyusedtotreatmyelodysplasticsyndromesandpotentiatestheeffectsofotherchemotherapeutics,suchascisplatin.Azacytidineexhibitsanticancerchemotherapeutic,immunomodulatory,andantiviralactivities.Invitro,azacytidineincreaseslevelsofBaxandBcl-2inastrocytomacells,andinducesdifferentiationofmesenchymalstemcellsintocardiomyocytes.Invivo,azacytidineincreasesglialdifferentiationanddecreasescellproliferation,inhibitingtumorgrowthofgliomaxenografts.Additionally,azacytidinedecreasescellgrowthandinhibitstumorxenograftsofmyelodysplasticcells.Inleukoblasts,thiscompoundupregulatestheexpressionoftumorantigens,andinvivo,itincreasesthenumberofTregandCD8+Tcells.AzacytidinealsoinhibitsreplicationofHIVincellularmodelswithoutdisplayingcytotoxicity.
References
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