Description
ThioridazineisapiperADInephenothiazinederivativeclassifiedasa‘typical’antipsychoticforitspotentinhibitionofD2receptors.ThioridazinedisplaysactivityatD1-5receptors,H1/2histaminereceptors,M1-5muscarinicacetylcholinereceptors(mAChRs),α1/2-adrenergicreceptors,and5-HT1/2/5/6/7receptors;thioridazinealsomodulatesactivityofthenorepinephrinetransporter(NET).Inadditiontoitswell-establishedantipsychoticandsedativeactivities,thioridazinealsoexhibitsantibacterial,anti-angiogenic,andanticancerproperties.Invitro,thioridazineenhancesβ-lactamantibacterialcapABIlities;thiscompoundinhibitspeptidoglycansynthesisbyinterferingwiththeformationofpentaglycinebranchesandinducingaminoacidshortages.ThioridazineinhibitsphosphorylationofAkt,PDK-1,mTOR,andp70S6K,inhibitingmigration,invasion,andcapillary-liketubeformationofcells.Incervicalandendometrialcancercells,thioridazinedownregulatesexpressionofcyclinsD1andAaswellascyclin-dependentkinase4(CDK4)andupregulatesexpressionofp21andp27,inducingapoptosis.Invivo,thiscompounddecreasescolony-formingunitsofMycobacteriumtuberculosis,inducingexpressionofthesigma6regulonandRv3160c-Rv3161coperon.Thioridazine,likeotherantipsychotics,alsoinhibitshERGK+channels,potentiallyinducingQTprolongationandactsasafunctionalinhibitorofacidsphingomyelinase(FIASMA).