Description
Amitriptylineexhibitsantidepressant,antipsychotic,analgesic,andantinociceptiveactivities;itactsasanantagoNISTat5-HT2A/2C/6/7receptors,M1-5muscarinicacetylcholinereceptors(mAChRs),H1/4histaminereceptors,α1-adrenergicreceptors,andalsoontheSEROtonintransporter(SERT)andnorepinephrinetransporter(NET).Additionally,amitriptylineactsasanagonistatσ1receptorsandTrkA/Breceptors.Amitriptylineinhibitsshaker-relatedKv1.1(KCNA1),Kv7.2(KCNQ2),andKv7.3(KCNQ3)voltage-gatedK+channelsandL-typevoltage-gatedCa2+channels;itinhibitsexpressionofNav1.1(SCN1A)andNav1.2(SCN2A)voltage-gatedNa+channelsandactivatesryanodineRyR2receptors.Amitriptylinealsodecreaseslevelsofα1-adrenergicreceptorsinthecortexandcerebelluminvivo.Inanimalmodelsofchronicconstrictiveinjuryandneuropathicpain,amitriptylinedecreasesthermalhyperanalgesia.InPC12neurons,thiscompoundexhibitsneuroprotectiveactivity,increasingneuriteoutgrowthanddecreasingcelldeath.Amitriptyleneisalsoafunctioninhibitorofacidsphingomyelinase(FIASMA).