Description
Nordihydroguaiareticacid(NDGA)isaphenolfoundinthecreosotebushthatexhibitsantioxidative,antiviral,anti-angiogenic,anti-metastatic,anti-inflammatory,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-osteoporotic,anti-aging,neuromodulatory,anti-parasitic,antifungal,andanticancerchemotherapeuticactivities.NDGAscavengesROS,inhibits5-lipoxygenase,andactivatesNrf2.Thiscompoundinhibitsdenguevirusreplicationbypreventingviralassembly;italsoinhibitsgrowthofCulexandCandida.Inanimalmodels,NDGAincreasesoveralllifespanandinhibitsacetylcholinesterase(AChE)andbutylcholinesterase(BChE).Invivo,NDGAinhibitsangiogenesisandsuppressesinvasionandproliferationofgliomacells.Invariousmodels,NDGAinhibitsCa2+signalingandPAR2activity,decreasingexpressionofIL-8,ICAM-1,IgE,andinvolucrin.Inanimalmodels,thiscompoundincreasesexpressionofPPARαanddecreaseslevelsofserumtriglyceridesandliverweight.Additionally,NDGAinhibitsosteoclastogenesisinvitroanddecreasesbonedestructioninvivo.Incellularandanimalmodelsofbreastcancer,NDGAinhibitsmTORC1,decreasesexpressionofVEGF,cyclinD1,andHIF-1α,andsuppressescellularproliferationandtumorgrowth.