Description
PiperlongumineisfoundinseveralspeciesofthePiperplantanddisplaysmanybeneficialcharacteristics,includingantithrombotic,anti-inflammatory,anti-atherosclerotic,andchemotherapeuticactivities.PiperlonguminedirectlyinhibitsthromboxaneA2(TxA2)receptors,inhibitingplateletaggregationinvivo.PiperlonguminealsodecreasesNF-κBactivationandinhibitsPDGFRsignalinginvivo,inhibitingcellmigrationanddecreasingatheroscleroticplaqueformation.Inacellularmodelofprostatecancer,piperlongumineinhibitsNF-κBactivityanddecreasesexpressionofIL-6,IL-8,MMP9,andICAM-1,decreasingcellinvasionandgrowth;inaseparatestudyusingasimilarmodel,thiscompoundpreventstranscriptionofandrogenreceptors,decreasingandrogenreceptorproteinlevels.Inseveralothercellularmodelsofcancer(includingglioblastomamultiformeandcoloncancer),piperlongumineinhibitstheubiquitin-proteasomesystem,likelyatapre-proteasomalstage,increasingreactiveoxygenspecies(ROS)andstimulatingactivationofp38,resultinginautophagyandcelldeath.ItisanovelCRM1inhibitor.