Description
Epigallocatechingallate(EGCG)isaflavonoid(flavanol)foundinCamilla(greentea);itisoneofseveralgreenteacatechins.EGCGexhibitsneuroprotective,antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,anti-diabetic,antifungal,anti-metastatic,andanticancerchemotherapeuticactivities.EGCGdirectlyinhibitsSTAT3andthearylhydrocarbonreceptor.EGCGinhibitsα-synucleinoligomerizationinmodelsofParkinson’sdiseaseandlimitsamyloid-β(Aβ)aggregationinmodelsofAlzheimer’sdisease.Inanimalmodelsofautoimmunesialadenitis,EGCGinhibitsROS-mediatedDNAdamageandoxidativestressandincreaseslevelsofhemeoxygenase1(HO-1)andBcl-2.Additionally,EGCGdecreaseslevelsoftoll-likereceptor4(TLR4),IKKβ,activatedNF-κB,TNF-α,CD68,andIL-6,suppressesmacrophageinfiltration,increaseslevelsofPI3KandGLUT4,inhibitsα-amylaseandα-glucosidase,andimprovesinsulinsignalinginanimalmodelsofdiabetes.Inhepatocarcinomacells,thiscompoundinducesS-phasecellcyclearrestandapoptosisanddecreaseslevelsofPI3K,Akt,andNF-κB.Inothercellularmodels,EGCGinhibitstheepithelial-to-mesenchymaltransition(EMT)andlimitscellmotility;italsoindirectlyinhibitsEGFR.Inanimalmodelsofbladdercancer,EGCGdecreasestumorgrowth.ThiscompoundalsoinducesapoptosisinCandida.EGCGdirectlyinhibitsHSP90inanimalmodelsofprostatecancer,decreasingtumorsizeandprogression.