Description
Pseudoginsenoside F11 is a saponin originally found in species of Panax (ginseng) that exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, cognition enhancing, and antioxidative activities. Pseudoginsenoside F11 inhibits LPS-stimulated expression of ROS, NO, Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and MyD88, and suppresses activation of Akt and NF-κB in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, pseudoginsenoside F11 acts as a PPARγ agonist, promoting adiponectin oligomerization and secretion. This compound also inhibits amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced learning and memory impairment in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and improves 6OHDA-induced motor coordination and activity impairments and oxidative damage in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.
