Description
R-(+)-Ofloxacin is the optically active isomer of ofloxacin, a second generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. This compound is often given as a topical treatment for ocular and otic infections. Like other fluoroquinolones, ofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV; it exhibits antibacterial efficacy against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Under UV light, ofloxacin exhibits phototoxicity, disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential and inducing ROS-mediated DNA damage.
References
Dwivedi A, Mujtaba SF, Yadav N, et al. Cellular and molecular mechanism of ofloxacin induced apoptotic cell death under ambient UV-A and sunlight exposure. Free Radic Res. 2014 Mar;48(3):333-46. PMID: 24286391.
Pantel A, Petrella S, Matrat S, et al. DNA gyrase inhibition assays are necessary to demonstrate fluoroquinolone resistance secondary to gyrB mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Oct;55(10):4524-9. PMID: 21768507.
Drlica K, Zhao X. DNA gyrase, topoisomerase IV, and the 4-quinolones. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1997 Sep;61(3):377-92. PMID: 9293187.
