Description
Sinomenine is an alkaloid found in Sinomenium that exhibits analgesic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-allergic, and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities. In vivo, sinomenine improves mechanical withdrawal threshold and cold pain sensitivity. Sinomenine also decreases OVA-induced allergies in animal models, lowering levels of IgE, IL-4, and IFN-γ. Additionally, sinomenine decreases production of COX-2 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. In animal models of cerebral ischemia, sinomenine inhibits acid-sensing ion currents and L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ currents, improving recovery and decreasing infarction volume. This compound also inhibits tumor growth and cell proliferation in models of breast cancer.
References
Li X, Wang K, Ren Y, et al. MAPK signaling mediates sinomenine hydrochloride-induced human breast cancer cell death via both reactive oxygen species-dependent and -independent pathways: an in vitro and in vivo study. Cell Death Dis. 2014 Jul 31;5:e1356. PMID: 25077542.
Zhang MY, Li P, Wang DQ, et al. Analgesic effect of sinomenine on SSNI model rats and monoamine neurotransmitters in striatal extracellular fluid. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2013 Feb;38(4):597-604. PMID: 23713290.
Chen Z, Tao Z, Zhang N, et al. The role of sinomenine in treatment of allergic rhinitis mice model and its mechanism. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2013 Jan;27(2):81-4. PMID: 23650707.
Oh YC, Kang OH, Kim SB, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of sinomenine by inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators in PMA plus A23187-stimulated HMC-1 Cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012 Sep;16(9):1184-91. PMID: 23047501.
Wu WN, Wu PF, Chen XL, et al. Sinomenine protects against ischaemic brain injury: involvement of co-inhibition of acid-sensing ion channel 1a and L-type calcium channels. Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Nov;164(5):1445-59. PMID: 21585344.
