Description
Sodium butyrate is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) that exhibits antidepressant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. In animals undergoing the light dark test, tail suspension test, and forced swim test, sodium butyrate decreases restraint stress-induced depression. In prostate cancer cells, this compound inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, downregulates expression of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2, and upregulates expression of Bak and Bax. Additionally, sodium butyrate decreases release of IL-12 and increases production of IL-23 in dendritic cells. Sodium butyrate also alters RNA splicing.
References
Han A, Sung YB, Chung SY, et al. Possible additional antidepressant-like mechanism of sodium butyrate: targeting the hippocampus. Neuropharmacology. 2014 Jun;81:292-302. PMID: 24607816.
Mu D, Gao Z, Guo H, et al. Sodium butyrate induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in human prostate cancer DU145 cells by up-regulation of the expression of annexin A1. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 23;8(9):e74922. PMID: 24086397.
Berndt BE, Zhang M, Owyang SY, et al. Butyrate increases IL-23 production by stimulated dendritic cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2012 Dec 15;303(12):G1384-92. PMID: 23086919.
Hnilicová J, Hozeifi S, Dušková E, et al. Histone deacetylase activity modulates alternative splicing. PLoS One. 2011 Feb 2;6(2):e16727. PMID: 21311748.
