Description
L-(+)-Alliin is a cysteine derivative originally found in Allium sativum (garlic); it exhibits anti-inflammatory, neuromodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antioxidative, cardioprotective, and anti-angiogenic activities; it is the optically active and orally bioavailable isomer of alliin. In adipocytes, L-alliin inhibits LPS-stimulated activation of ERK1/2 and increases in inflammatory signaling. In animal models of myocardial infarction, L-alliin increases activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase. L-Alliin also activates NMDA-R subunits NR2A and NR2B. In diabetic rats, this compound decreases levels of LDL, VLDL, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and total lipids. Additionally, L-alliin inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis and FGF2 and VEGF secretion in fibrosarcoma cells.
References
Ieong Tou W, Chang SS, Wu D, et al. Molecular level activation insights from a NR2A/NR2B agonist. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2014;32(5):683-93. PMID: 23600691.
Quintero-Fabián S, Ortuño-Sahagún D, Vázquez-Carrera M, et al. Alliin, a garlic (Allium sativum) compound, prevents LPS-induced inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:381815. PMID: 24453416.
Nasim SA, Dhir B, Kapoor R, et al. Alliin obtained from leaf extract of garlic grown under in situ conditions possess higher therapeutic potency as analyzed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Pharm Biol. 2011 Apr;49(4):416-21. PMID: 21391887.
Sangeetha T, Darlin Quine S. Preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulphoxide (Alliin) on mitochondrial dysfunction in normal and isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats: a histopathological study. Mol Cell Biochem. 2009 Aug;328(1-2):1-8. PMID: 19262997.
Mousa AS, Mousa SA. Anti-angiogenesis efficacy of the garlic ingredient alliin and antioxidants: role of nitric oxide and p53. Nutr Cancer. 2005;53(1):104-10. PMID: 16351512.
