Description
MadecassosideisatriterpenoidfoundinCentellathatexhibitsanti-inflammatory,antioxidative,anti-fibrotic,neuroprotective,andcardioprotectiveactivities.Inanimalmodelsofcerebralischemia/reperfusion,madecassosidedownregulatesexpressionofmalondialdehyde,NO,andpro-inflammatorycytokines,preventsapoptosis,decreasesinfarctsize,andattenuatescognitivedeficits.Madecassosideprotectsneuronsagainstamyloid-β(Aβ)-inducedinflammationandautophagy;italsoshowspotentialbenefitinanimalmodelsofParkinson’sdisease.Additionally,madecassosidedownregulatesexpressionofα-smoothmuscleactinandTGF-β1,attenuatesphosphorylationofSmad2/3,decreasesmyeloperoxidaseactivityandmalondialdehydelevels,andincreasessuperoxidedismutaseandglutathionelevels,amelioratingpulmonaryfibrosis.Thiscompoundalsodecreasesinfarctsize,lowerslevelsoflactatedehydrogenase,malondialdehyde,andcreatinekinase,andsuppressesapoptosis,providingprotectioninmyocardialischemia/reperfusionmodels.