Description
Motilin is an endogenous ghrelin-related gut peptide that modulates gastrointestinal motility and is released during fasting. Motilin binds the motilin receptor, activating cholinergic signaling that induces contractions in intestinal muscle. In preadipocytes, motilin increases lipogenesis and expression of PPARγ and Cav3, stimulating mitochondrial activity and proliferation; in mature adipocytes, this peptide increases expression of PPARγ, CEBP-β, and DGAT1 and increases uptake of fatty acids and glucose. Additionally, motilin exhibits anxiolytic activity in vivo, potentially through facilitation of GABAergic neurotransmission in the amygdala.
References
Sanger GJ, Wang Y, Hobson A, et al. Motilin: towards a new understanding of the gastrointestinal neuropharmacology and therapeutic use of motilin receptor agonists. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Dec;170(7):1323-32. PMID: 23189978.
Feng B, Liu JC, Zhang J, et al. Anxiolytic actions of motilin in the basolateral amygdala. Mol Neurobiol. 2013 Jun;47(3):892-902. PMID: 23307330.
Miegueu P, Cianflone K, Richard D, et al. Motilin stimulates preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation and adipocyte lipid storage. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Nov;301(5):E758-66. PMID: 21771971.
Piche T, Galmiche JP. Pharmacological targets in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005 Dec;97(6):333-41. PMID: 16364047.
