Description
Psuedolaric acid B (PAB) is a diterpene acid found in the root bark and trunk bark of Pseudolarix kaempferi. PAB exhibits anticancer chemotherapeutic, immunosuppressive, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal activities in a variety of models. In vitro, PAB activates caspases 3 and 9, upregulates Bax and Bad, and downregulates Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, inducing apoptosis. PAB also increases PKC activity, inducing cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and senescence in cancer cell lines. In other models, PAB competitively inhibits tubulin assembly, preventing formation of mitotic spindles and microtubule polymerization. In animal models with tumor xenografts, this compound decreases tumor weight. Additionally, PAB downregulates expression of pro-angiogenic factors such as VEGF, HIF-1α, and cyclin E. PAB decreases IL-2 production by T cells and inhibits T cell proliferation in vitro. This compound also inhibits translocation of NF-κB and expression of cyclooxygenase (COX-2), decreasing production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PAB displays antifungal activity against a variety of fungi both in vitro and in vivo.
References
Pseudolaric acid B induces caspase-dependent cell death in human ovarian cancer cells. Yu B, Yue DM, Shu LH, Li NJ, Wang JH. Oncol Rep. 2013 Nov 25. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 24276652.
Role of pseudolaric acid B in A549 lung cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Guan T, Yang Y. Mol Med Rep. 2014 Jan;9(1):144-8. PMID: 24248012.
Yu Jh, Liu Cy, Zheng Gb, et al. Pseudolaric acid B induced cell cycle arrest, autophagy and senescence in murine fibrosarcoma l929 cell. Int J Med Sci. 2013 Apr 9;10(6):707-18. PMID: 23630435.
Sarkar T, Nguyen TL, Su ZW, et al. Interaction of pseudolaric acid B with the colchicine site of tubulin. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Aug 15;84(4):444-50. PMID: 22634405
Wei N, Li T, Chen H, Mei X, et al. The immunosuppressive activity of pseudolaric acid B on T lymphocytes in vitro. Phytother Res. 2013 Jul;27(7):980-5. PMID: 22893196.
Liu J, Guo W, Xu B, et al. Angiogenesis inhibition and cell cycle arrest induced by treatment with Pseudolarix acid B alone or combined with 5-fluorouracil. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2012 Jun;44(6):490-502. PMID: 22551583
Hou L, Xu B, Guo W, et al. Pseudolaric acid B inhibits inducible cyclooxygenase-2 expression via downregulation of the NF-κB pathway in HT-29 cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2012 Feb 8. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 22314698.
