Description
Prion peptide (106-126) (PrP106-126) is a synthetic glycoprotein that mimics a segment of cellular prion protein expressed in neurons and other cells. Prp106-126 forms amyloid-like fibrils and upregulates expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 11 (MMP1/3/11) in astrocytes and microglia. In other cellular models, PrP106-126 increases levels of ROS and activates ERK1/2, p38, and JNK1/2, amplifying normal PrP signaling and causing oxidative stress and neuronal injury. PrP106-126 also binds the p75 neurotrophin receptor (the low-affinity NGF receptor; p75NTR) and, separately, alters microglial phagocytic activity.
References
Song K, Na JY, Oh MH, et al. Synthetic prion Peptide 106-126 resulted in an increase matrix metalloproteinases and inflammatory cytokines from rat astrocytes and microglial cells. Toxicol Res. 2012 Mar;28(1):5-9. PMID: 24278583.
Pietri M, Caprini A, Mouillet-Richard S, et al. Overstimulation of PrPC signaling pathways by prion peptide 106-126 causes oxidative injury of bioaminergic neuronal cells. J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 22;281(38):28470-9. PMID: 16864581.
Ciesielski-Treska J, Grant NJ, Ulrich G, et al. Fibrillar prion peptide (106-126) and scrapie prion protein hamper phagocytosis in microglia. Glia. 2004 Apr 15;46(2):101-15. PMID: 15042579.
Della-Bianca V, Rossi F, Armato U, et al. Neurotrophin p75 receptor is involved in neuronal damage by prion peptide-(106-126). J Biol Chem. 2001 Oct 19;276(42):38929-33. PMID: 11489911.
