Description
PTH(parathyroidhormone)isanendogenouspeptidehormonethatbindsPTH1/2receptorsandexhibitsanti-osteoporotic,anti-angiogenic,andpro-fibroticactivities.PTH(1-34)isclinicallyusedtotreatosteoporosis,asitpromotesboneformation,increasesbonemineraldensity,enhancesbonestrength,andimprovesbonebiomechanicalproperties.Invivo,PTHdownregulatesexpressionofcollagentype1andRANKLandalsodecreasesactivityofosteoblasts.PTHactivatesPKAsignalingtoinhibitangiogenesisinvitroinanHSP70-mediatedmannerbutalsopromotestheepithelial-to-mesenchymaltransition(EMT)invitroandinvivo,potentiallyenhancingcanceraggressivenessandmetastasis.Additionally,PTHpromotesfibrosisbyactivatinghepaticstellatecellsandincreasinglevelsofmatrixmetalloproteinase2(MMP2),collagen,TGF-β,andα-SMCinvitro.
References
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