Description
Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) is a type A trichothecene mycotoxin initially produced by species of Fusarium. DAS primarily exhibits immunosuppressive and, potentially, anticancer activities; it is cytotoxic to most cell types and tissues in vivo. In Jurkat T cells, DAS initiates activation of caspases 3, 8, and 9, degradation of poly(ADP)-ribosomal polymerase (PARP), release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, as well as downregulation of Bcl-2, cdk4, and cyclin B1; together, this results in apoptosis and cell death. In other cellular models, DAS inhibits the killing action of phagocytic cells such as macrophages, decreasing generation of superoxide anions and altering lysozyme capabilities.
References
Jun DY, Kim JS, Park HS, et al. Cytotoxicity of diacetoxyscirpenol is associated with apoptosis by activation of caspase-8 and interruption of cell cycle progression by down-regulation of cdk4 and cyclin B1 in human Jurkat T cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Jul 15;222(2):190-201. PMID: 17559898.
Nasri T, Bosch RR, Voorde St, et al. Differential induction of apoptosis by type A and B trichothecenes in Jurkat T-lymphocytes. Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Sep;20(6):832-40. PMID: 16472964.
Ayral AM, Dubech N, Le Bars J, et al. In vitro effect of diacetoxyscirpenol and deoxynivalenol on microbicidal activity of murine peritoneal macrophages. Mycopathologia. 1992 Nov;120(2):121-7. PMID: 1336129.
Coppock RW, Gelberg HB, Hoffmann WE, et al. The acute toxicopathy of intravenous diacetoxyscirpenol (anguidine) administration in swine. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985 Dec;5(6 Pt 1):1034-49. PMID: 4092867.
