Description
Gossypolaceticacid(GA)exhibitsanticancerchemotherapeutic,pro-oxidative,antioxidative,andantibacterialactivities.GAinhibitsBcl-2/Bcl-xl,enhancingTRAIL/mitochondria-inducedapoptosisinbreastcancercells.Inanimalmodels,GAdelayedtheonsetofandrogen-independentprostatecancer.Inmacrophages,GAincreasesproductionofROS,upregulatesexpressionofcaspases3and9,anddecreasesthemitochondrialmembranepotential,inducingapoptosis.GAincreasesactivityofglutathioneperoxidaseandinhibitslipidperoxidationbutalsoincreasesgenerationofROSandinducesDNAdamage.Thiscompoundalsoexhibitsantibioticactivity,inhibitinggrowthofgramnegativebacteriasuchasEdwardsiella.Additionally,GAhasbeenstudiedasamalecontraceptive;itinhibitssialyltransferaseactivityinseminalplasma,decreasestubulincontentandspermatocytemobility,andreversIBLyinhibitsspermatogenesisinvivo.