Description
Histatin 5 is an endogenous antimicrobial peptide (AMP) present in the salivary gland. Histatin 5 exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. In myeloid dendritic cells, histatin 5 binds Poryphyromonas hemagglutinin B, inhibiting production of MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and TNF-α. Histatin binds bacterial DNA, displaying bactericidal activity against gram positive bacteria such as Streptococcus. Additionally, histatin 5 causes ion flux-induced cell death of Candida cells in an ex vivo model of oral candidiasis.
References
Borgwardt DS, Martin AD, Van Hemert JR, et al. Histatin 5 binds to Porphyromonas gingivalis hemagglutinin B (HagB) and alters HagB-induced chemokine responses. Sci Rep. 2014 Jan 29;4:3904. PMID: 24473528.
Huo L, Zhang K, Ling J, et al. Antimicrobial and DNA-binding activities of the peptide fragments of human lactoferrin and histatin 5 against Streptococcus mutans. Arch Oral Biol. 2011 Sep;56(9):869-76. PMID: 21382611.
Peters BM, Zhu J, Fidel PL Jr, et al. Protection of the oral mucosa by salivary histatin-5 against Candida albicans in an ex vivo murine model of oral infection. FEMS Yeast Res. 2010 Aug 1;10(5):597-604. PMID: 20491938.
Jang WS, Bajwa JS, Sun JN, et al. Salivary histatin 5 internalization by translocation, but not endocytosis, is required for fungicidal activity in Candida albicans. Mol Microbiol. 2010 Jul;77(2):354-70. PMID: 20487276.
